ISEE Upper Level guides

ISEE Upper Level Quantitative Reasoning (and quantitative comparison)

Quantitative Reasoning is the section that surprises strong math students. It is 37 questions in 35 minutes on the ISEE Upper Level, and roughly half of it uses a format most students have never encountered: quantitative comparison. The section rewards reasoning quickly about numbers, not grinding through computation — which is exactly why a student who aces algebra tests can come out frustrated.

What's actually in the section

Quantitative Reasoning has two parts, in this order:

PartRoughlyWhat it looks like
Word problemsFirst ~20 questionsMulti-step reasoning, estimation, rates, ratios, probability, data interpretation — four ordinary answer choices
Quantitative comparisonFinal ~16 questionsColumn A vs. Column B, with the same four fixed answer choices every time

The distinction that matters most: Quantitative Reasoning asks whether your child can reason about quantities, while Mathematics Achievement asks whether they can calculate. Many QR questions are designed to be answerable with almost no arithmetic if you see the structure — and to be a slog if you don’t.

How quantitative comparison works

Every quantitative comparison question shows two quantities and the same four choices, which never change:

  • (A) The quantity in Column A is greater.
  • (B) The quantity in Column B is greater.
  • (C) The two quantities are equal.
  • (D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Because the choices are fixed, your child can learn them once and never read them again — worth doing, since it buys back seconds on every one of sixteen questions.

Three strategies that do most of the work

  • Compare, don’t compute. If both columns share a term, ignore it. Comparing 47 × 18 with 47 × 19 needs no multiplication at all — the shared factor is positive, so the larger second factor wins.
  • Test more than one case when a variable appears. If a value is only described (“x is a negative number”), try a few legal values: a large one, a small one, a fraction. If two legal choices give two different relationships, the answer is (D).
  • Remember what (D) really means. It is not “I can’t figure it out.” It means no single relationship holds for every value allowed by the problem. If both columns are made of specific numbers with no variables, (D) is impossible — some definite relationship must exist, so keep working.

Try three

These are original examples written in the real format — not items from our question bank.

Sample question · Quantitative comparison
1. Column A: 38 × 25
Column B: 25 × 39
AThe quantity in Column A is greater.BThe quantity in Column B is greater.CThe two quantities are equal.DThe relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B)Both columns share the factor 25, which is positive, so the comparison depends only on the other factor: 38 versus 39. Column B is greater. Notice that neither product ever had to be calculated — this is the core habit the section rewards.
Sample question · Quantitative comparison
2. n is a negative integer.
Column A: n²
Column B: n³
AThe quantity in Column A is greater.BThe quantity in Column B is greater.CThe two quantities are equal.DThe relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A)A negative number squared is positive; the same number cubed stays negative. Any positive value exceeds any negative one, so Column A is greater for every legal value of n. Testing two cases confirms it quickly: at n = −2 the columns are 4 and −8; at n = −1 they are 1 and −1. Because the relationship held in both, (D) is wrong.
Sample question · Quantitative comparison
3. x > 0
Column A: x
Column B: x²
AThe quantity in Column A is greater.BThe quantity in Column B is greater.CThe two quantities are equal.DThe relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D)This is the classic trap. Students test x = 2, get 2 versus 4, and answer (B). But x is only required to be positive — it may be a fraction. At x = ½ the columns are ½ and ¼, so Column A is greater; at x = 1 they are equal. Three different relationships are possible, so the answer is (D). Whenever a variable is described rather than pinned down, test a fraction and 1 as well as a whole number.

Pacing

Thirty-seven questions in 35 minutes is under a minute each, and the comparison questions at the end are usually faster than the word problems at the front — if the format is familiar. Students who have never practiced it tend to burn time re-reading the answer choices and second-guessing (D), then run out of clock on questions they could have answered. Practicing the format under time is what converts that from a weakness into the easiest points in the section.

Frequently asked questions

How many quantitative comparison questions are on the ISEE Upper Level?
Roughly 16 of the 37 Quantitative Reasoning questions, appearing in the second half of the section. The exact split varies slightly by form.
When is the answer "cannot be determined"?
Only when more than one relationship is possible among the values the problem allows. If both columns contain only specific numbers with no variables, a definite relationship always exists and (D) cannot be correct.
Is quantitative comparison on the ISEE Lower Level?
No. It appears on the Middle and Upper Levels. A student moving up from the Lower Level is meeting it for the first time.
Can my child use a calculator?
No. Calculators are not permitted on the ISEE, which is part of why the section is built to be answered by reasoning rather than computation.

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